pthread_cancel example c c++

PTHREAD_CANCEL(3)            Linux Programmer's Manual        
NAME         top

       pthread_cancel - send a cancellation request to a thread
SYNOPSIS         top

       #include <pthread.h>

       int pthread_cancel(pthread_t thread);

       Compile and link with -pthread.
DESCRIPTION         top

       The pthread_cancel() function sends a cancellation request to the thread
       thread.  Whether and when the target thread reacts to the cancellation
       request depends on two attributes that are under the control of that
       thread: its cancelability state and type.

       A thread's cancelability state, determined by pthread_setcancelstate(3),
       can be enabled (the default for new threads) or disabled.  If a thread has
       disabled cancellation, then a cancellation request remains queued until the
       thread enables cancellation.  If a thread has enabled cancellation, then
       its cancelability type determines when cancellation occurs.(pthread_cancel)

       A thread's cancellation type, determined by pthread_setcanceltype(3), may
       be either asynchronous or deferred (the default for new threads).
       Asynchronous cancelability means that the thread can be canceled at any
       time (usually immediately, but the system does not guarantee this).
       Deferred cancelability means that cancellation will be delayed until the
       thread next calls a function that is a cancellation point.  A list of
       functions that are or may be cancellation points is provided in
       pthreads(7).(pthread_cancel)

       When a cancellation requested is acted on, the following steps occur for
       thread (in this order):

       1. Cancellation clean-up handlers are popped (in the reverse of the order
          in which they were pushed) and called.  (See pthread_cleanup_push(3).)

       2. Thread-specific data destructors are called, in an unspecified order.
          (See pthread_key_create(3).)

       3. The thread is terminated.  (See pthread_exit(3).)

       The above steps happen asynchronously with respect to the pthread_cancel()
       call; the return status of pthread_cancel() merely informs the caller
       whether the cancellation request was successfully queued.

       After a canceled thread has terminated, a join with that thread using
       pthread_join(3) obtains PTHREAD_CANCELED as the thread's exit status.
       (Joining with a thread is the only way to know that cancellation has
       completed.)
RETURN VALUE         top

       On success, pthread_cancel() returns 0; on error, it returns a nonzero
       error number.
ERRORS         top

       ESRCH  No thread with the ID thread could be found.
CONFORMING TO         top

       POSIX.1-2001.
NOTES         top

       On Linux, cancellation is implemented using signals.  Under the NPTL
       threading implementation, the first real-time signal (i.e., signal 32) is
       used for this purpose.  On LinuxThreads, the second real-time signal is
       used, if real-time signals are available, otherwise SIGUSR2 is used.

Example of pthread_cancel

       The program below creates a thread and then cancels it.  The main thread
       joins with the canceled thread to check that its exit status was
       PTHREAD_CANCELED.  The following shell session shows what happens when we
       run the program:

           $ ./a.out
           thread_func(): started; cancellation disabled
           main(): sending cancellation request
           thread_func(): about to enable cancellation
           main(): thread was canceled
Program source


       #include <pthread.h>
       #include <stdio.h>
       #include <errno.h>
       #include <stdlib.h>
       #include <unistd.h>

       #define handle_error_en(en, msg) \
               do { errno = en; perror(msg); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } while (0)

       static void *
       thread_func(void *ignored_argument)
       {
           int s;

           /* Disable cancellation for a while, so that we don't
              immediately react to a cancellation request */

           s = pthread_setcancelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE, NULL);
           if (s != 0)
               handle_error_en(s, "pthread_setcancelstate");

           printf("thread_func(): started; cancellation disabled\n");
           sleep(5);
           printf("thread_func(): about to enable cancellation\n");

           s = pthread_setcancelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_ENABLE, NULL);
           if (s != 0)
               handle_error_en(s, "pthread_setcancelstate");

           /* sleep() is a cancellation point */

           sleep(1000);        /* Should get canceled while we sleep */

           /* Should never get here */

           printf("thread_func(): not canceled!\n");
           return NULL;
       }

       int
       main(void)
       {
           pthread_t thr;
           void *res;
           int s;

           /* Start a thread and then send it a cancellation request */

           s = pthread_create(&thr, NULL, &thread_func, NULL);
           if (s != 0)
               handle_error_en(s, "pthread_create");

           sleep(2);           /* Give thread a chance to get started */

           printf("main(): sending cancellation request\n");
           s = pthread_cancel(thr);
           if (s != 0)
               handle_error_en(s, "pthread_cancel");

           /* Join with thread to see what its exit status was */

           s = pthread_join(thr, &res);
           if (s != 0)
               handle_error_en(s, "pthread_join");

           if (res == PTHREAD_CANCELED)
               printf("main(): thread was canceled\n");
           else
               printf("main(): thread wasn't canceled (shouldn't happen!)\n");
           exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
       }
SEE ALSO         top

       pthread_cleanup_push(3), pthread_create(3), pthread_exit(3),
       pthread_join(3), pthread_key_create(3), pthread_setcancelstate(3),
       pthread_setcanceltype(3), pthread_testcancel(3), pthreads(7)
COLOPHON         top

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